Bulk overcooling – signs, first aid, prevention

What kind of help with the hypoint you can have yourself or other? Basic signs of supercooling. Find out what to do when the body is supercooling, as well as to take to prevent hypothermia

The long-term exposure of the cold per person can lead to a violation of the functioning functions, the general overcooling of the body, at which the body temperature may decrease to critical indicators. What is supercooling? How to properly assist the victim and how to avoid such situations? It is for these questions that we will try to answer you today.

What is the overall undercooling of the body?

Some believe that the supercooling occurs when the body temperature is reduced to zero. However, such an opinion is wrong. Supercooling is when Temperature of the body decreases below the physiological norm, That is – below 340. Doctors such a phenomenon called hypothermia.
In order to normally occur in the human body, all processes and functions (for example, metabolism) The internal body temperature should be no lower than 350. Thanks to the thermoregulation mechanism, human The body maintains its temperature at a constant level of 36.5 -37.50c.
However, with a long-term exposure of cold, this biological mechanism may fail, and the human body will not be able to fill the lost heat. It is at such a moment that the inner body temperature begins to lower.

The main causes of supercooling:

• Long stay in the air temperature below 100c in wet clothing;
• Consumption of cold liquid in large quantities;
• Swimming in cold water, where the body loses its heat 25 times faster than in air;
• Transfusion of cold blood and its components in large quantities;
• Impact on man of cold temperatures for a long time.

The general overcooling of the body is the most Little children are susceptible, elderly people, physically exhausted, immobilized, people are unconscious. Even more aggravated diseases of the disease windy weather, high humidity, raw clothes, overwork, physical injuries, as well as a state of narcotic and alcoholic intoxication.

Signs of supercooling

The general supercooling of the body has three stages of development, each of which has its own characteristic features:

Easy degree of supercooling – body temperature dropped to 32-340c, blood pressure within the normal range. Frozen skin sections may develop.
Basic symptoms:

• Forgetfulness;
• Awkward movement;
• Fuzzy speech;
• Shiver;
• Clouding consciousness;
• Rapid pulse;
• Pallitude of the skin;
• Apathy.

Middle-Degree Body characterized by a decrease in temperature to 290c. In addition, there is a slowdown in the pulse (up to 50 shots per minute). Breathing becomes rare and superficial, blood pressure decreases. There may also be frostbite of different degrees of gravity.
Main symptoms of high-degree hypothermia:

• Immobility (stupor);
• Stemming;
• Disorientation;
• Weak pulse;
• Arrhythmia;
• Memory loss;
• Tremor caused by strong overvoltage of muscles;
• Sleepiness (to sleep in such a condition is categorically prohibited).

Heavy degree of hypothermia – The body temperature fell below 290c. Pulse slowdown (less than 36 shots in min.), loss of consciousness. Several areas of severe. Such a state threatens human life.
Heavy degree of hypothermia, symptoms:

• Slowing down pulse and breathing;
• Heart failure;
• Vomiting and nausea;
• Increasing pupils;
• Convulsions;
• Decrease in blood pressure;
• Cessation of normal brain.

First aid in the supercooling of the body

First medical care in the supercooling is to completely stop the impact of cold on the human body. And then:

• 

  If the victim has observed signs of supercooling in the first place it is necessary put in a warm room and warm;

• With the victim you need Remove shoes and cold clothes;
• If a person has a lot of frozen his fingers and hands, well Distribute their napkin moistened in alcohol;
• Then strongly Measuring parts of the body must be placed in warm water. The temperature of the water is gradually necessary to raise up to 370s. This procedure should not take you more than half an hour.
• Again rub the frozen sections with a napkin, While the sensitivity will not return to them;
• On damaged skin We apply a sterile dry bandage and we look good by the victims of the blankets;
• It is necessary to ensure that the frostbite skin sections were stationary in order to avoid hemorrhage;
• 

  Give the victim drink milk or tea. Warm fluid will contribute to the restoration of blood circulation, as well as fill the body with missing heat;

• If the victim is unconscious, the pulse is not forgiven, it is necessary Make artificial respiration and indirect heart massage.

When overcooling is strictly prohibited:

• Drink alcoholic drinks;
• Actively move;
• Use hot heating bottles;
• Take hot shower or bathroom.

After the first aid was rendered, victim must be delivered to hospital, Even if his condition, at first glance, improved significantly. Body supercooling may have consequences that only the doctor can correctly determine.

Avoid danger! Rules for the prevention of supercooling

• 

  Do not smoke in the cold – Nicotine breaks blood circulation;

• No need to quench thirst ice, snow or cold water;
• Do not abuse alcoholic beverages – in a state of alcohol intoxication is quite difficult to recognize the first signs of supercooling;
• If on the street frost, Do not walk without scarf, mittens and headlife;
• Before going to the cold, open areas of the body Lubricate special cream;
• In the cold season Wear loose clothing. Remember to dress it is necessary that there is an air layer between the layers of the fabric, which perfectly saves heat. It is desirable that the upper clothes are not wet;
• If you feel that your limbs have a lot of frozen, immediately Enter the warm room and warm;
• Try not in the wind – its direct impact contributes to rapid freezing;
• Do not carry close shoes in the cold season;
• Before entering the frost, you need to eat well, To make your body enriched with energy;
• On Moroza Do not wear metal jewelry (earrings, chains, rings);
• Do not walk on the street with wet hair in the cold season;
• 

  You have a long walk, then Take a thermos with hot tea, Replaceable mittens and socks;

• If you have very frozen legs, Do not shoot with them shoes on the street. If your limbs are swollen, you will not succeed again;
• After walking around the cold Make sure that there is no frostbite on your body.