Pneumonia in newborns: causes, symptoms, treatment

Causes of pneumonia in newborns and symptoms of the disease. Diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine pneumonia: forecast and course of the disease. Recommendations for parents

Pneumonia – the disease of the lungs characterized by the inflammatory process in their tissues. The disease amazes the walls of the bronchi. Approximately 15% of premature newborn babies suffer from this pathology and about 2% of dundaries.

That is, newborn children are quite often sick pneumonia. Detect the disease in symptoms.

This disease can even hit the child who has not yet born. In this case, the intrauterine type of infection is diagnosed.

Intrauterine pneumonia in newborns occurs immediately after their appearance. The main reason for the appearance of pathology is the disease of the mother during pregnancy. If the future mother is infected with any respiratory infection, the viruses from its body can get to the fruit, for example, through blood or spindle water. That is, congenital pathology – the result of an unfavorable course of pregnancy.

The reasons for the development of intrauterine pneumonia in newborns:

• Congenital pathogenic factor – infection penetrated the placenta;
• Intrauterine antenatal – from groundwater waters into the lungs;
• Intranatal – penetration into the lungs of a child during birth through the generic paths of the mother;
• Postnatal – infection after birth.

Provice inflammatory process can viruses, fungi, microbes (staphylococci, streptococci, etc.) And the simplest. In addition, the anatomy-physiological features of the lungs, the immaturity of the respiratory tract (especially in premature) predispose to the emergence of this disease.

Risk factors include bleeding during pregnancy, the extinguishing of the accumulating waters before the deadline, sharp and chronic diseases of the woman during the baby tooling.

The reasons that are able to lead to such a fear are quite varied. Sometimes there is a so-called combined pneumonia in newborns – the disease provokes several unfavorable factors at once. Of course, the course of such a disease is a serious danger to life only born baby.

In modern medicine, two ways of infection of children are identified:

• Bronchogenic – pathogenic microflora enters the body directly through the lungs. Usually, infection occurs during the generic process;
• Hematogenic – the fruit is infected from the infected mother through her blood. This type of transfer is much less common than the first. However, there is a positive parties, for example, the future mother will feel unreasoning and turn to the doctor, and he, in his own, turn, will pick up adequate treatment, which will help both a woman and her baby.

Congenital pneumonia in newborns: symptomatomy

The first signs of illness are usually: hypotension, respiratory failure, pale gray skin. Feeding ends with vomiting, after a few days there is a spasm of intestines. When listening to the lungs, small-pushed wheezes are noticeable.

The disease lasts about a month. At the same time, unfortunately, the consequences can lead to death.

Sick children sluggish and sonline, they have a sword, cough. Often the disease is accompanied by symptoms of cardiovascular failure, the bloating occurs.

Pathology is very hard in newborns, because their immunity has not yet been formed, and the anatomical features of the respiratory tract only contribute to the development of congenital pneumonia. It is for this reason that newborns belong to the risk group for the development of pathologies in the lungs.

When the intrauterine pneumonia is found after the birth of the baby and discharge from the maternity hospital during the month, a district pediatrician and a nurse for inspecting the status of crumbs will be regularly. Parents must carefully monitor the child, pay attention to a variety of moments that can help cure it, for example, without swollen, liquid chair, breast failure. You need to pay attention to the cough and the nature of the liquid discharge from the nose.

From the cause provoked by pathology, and the scale of lung damage depends the clinical picture:

• Aspiration pneumonia in newborns caused by bacteria, progresses smoothly and starts often with temperatures up to 38 °. After that, a wet cough appears, sometimes with purulent vocals, chest pain;
• If a chemical plant got into bronchi, then intoxication begins (high temperature, rapid heartbeat, outbreak). The sputum becomes a foam, pinkish. It also occurs cyanosis of the skin due to the poor intake of oxygen in the tissue;
• If foreign bodies get into the bronchial tree, the cough becomes reflex and painful. It is then stopped, it is replaced by progressive inflammatory processes in the tissues of the lungs. This condition is a special danger, since the large part of the pulmonary parenchyma is turned off when overlapping large bronchi.

Diagnosis of disease

Since breast children should be treated in a hospital, then the survey will be conducted in the same place. Children are hospitalized together with moms or they are parents in the hospital throughout the day, leaving the baby only for the night. Blood test will be made, even if it was performed earlier in the clinic. Also always conduct light x-ray.

To learn about the status of other organs and systems, appropriate research, for example, take blood from veins, urine analysis. In the presence of testimony, other procedures are carried out, for example, electrocardiography. The forecast of the course of illness depends on the above indicators.

Treating patients with pneumonia

The sick child must be hospitalized. Since the kid is very weak and can not actively suck the chest, you need to feed it more often than the usual. Also, the crumb is periodically rotated from the side on the side to prevent stagnation in the lungs. From the respiratory tract you need to constantly remove the mucus.

An important role in the treatment is given to antibiotics, stimulating and vitamin therapy. Mustard, inhalation, ultraviolet irradiation, massage, healing baths have proven well.

The course of treatment chooses only a qualified specialist, guided by the form and severity of the disease, the child’s condition and its anatomical features. It should be noted that without antibiotics, the treatment of any kind of pneumonia does not cost, but the infants cannot drink them, therefore prescribe drugs in the form of injections.

In progression of pathology, drugs received replaced by others. The consequences of congenital pneumonia relating to the weight in newborns are characterized by a decrease in body weight or minor increases, but it is not worth worrying, because after eliminating symptoms, the appetite is improving.

Inhalation of oxygen can be appointed. So that the lungs are better cleaned, they can add herbs or special medicinal drugs.

If the symptoms of intoxication are pronounced rather pronounced, for example, the baby refuses to eat, the temperature does not fall, then the intravenous injection of the liquid is prescribed, that is, droppers. These are usually saline solutions and glucose, but the doctor can add other useful substances.

Does not do without antipyretic and expectorant drugs. Sometimes herapeutic grain hacks that have a sputtering ability to dilute.

It may take to introduce immunoglobulin – a protein with a protective effect – ready-made antibodies that will deal with the causative agent.

Prognostic. How is the pneumonia in newborns

If you begin treatment in time, then inflammation will not affect the general condition. Without therapy after the anemia of the acute process, the period of asthenization is observed – the child becomes sluggish, drowsy, loses appetite.

Sometimes inflammation applies to healthy fabrics even with effective treatment. This is due to the anatomical structure of the tissues of the lungs, so it can form swelling of lungs or pulmonary failure.

Inflammation can spread to the pleurr, then the pleurisy will arise, which will make it difficult to breathe. In very difficult cases, tissue destruction on the affected areas occurs, then cavities are formed in the lungs.

Remember that you will not be independently diagnosed, nor appoint adequate treatment, so do not tighten the visit to the doctor!