Winter injuries in children – first aid, how to protect the child from injuries in winter?

How to protect the child from injuries in winter? Read on Lady-Magazine.com, what children’s injuries most often happen in winter. Find out what first aid for injuries to children should be rendered

Winter, traditionally – time of fun games, festivities, rolling rolling and, of course, your beloved holiday. But the main thing is to remember care. Especially when it comes to a child. After all, fun fun, and the risk of injury increases in the winter. So, how to protect the child from winter injuries, and what you need to know about first aid?

See also: How to wear a kid in winter so that he doesn’t get sick?

• Ears.
  SAMI «Popular» Injury in children in winter. Motor ability is not lost, but sharp pain and swelling is provided. What to do? Kid – on arms and home, on a sick plot – a cold compress, after – a visit to the doctor.
• Dislocation.
  First aid in this situation – Consultation of the doctor. Independently, the dislocated limb is not categorically recommended. Secure the dismissed joint (carefully!) fixing bandage, and to the doctor. Moreover, he should not be keen – otherwise you will fix the joint back will be difficult because of a strong edema. And pinched between bones nerve or vessel can lead to paralysis.
  

  Signs of dislocation: Mobility and unnatural limb position, severe pain in the joint, swelling.
  The most common type of winter dislocation in children – dislocation of the shoulder joint. X-ray is required to eliminate the hidden fracture. The procedure for refueling the joint due to its pain is carried out under local anesthesia.

• Head injury.
  The kid’s skull at a young age is not yet so strong as the rest of the bones, and even seemingly a trifling fall may cause a very dangerous injury. Therefore, it is mandatory for rollers and mountain slopes to wear a baby protective helmet.
  

  If the injury still happened, the blow came to the area of ​​the nose, and the blood went down – bow the baby’s head forward, attach a scarf with snow to stop the blood and prevent blood from entering the respiratory tract. When a child falls on his back and kick, make sure that there is no dark symmetric circles under the eyes of dark symmetric (this can be a sign of a fracture of the skull base). And remember the injury of the head – this is a reason for the immediate appeal to the doctor.

• Sprain.
  For such an injury, it is enough to jump or turn.
  Symptoms: Acute pain, appearance of swelling after a while, the painfulness of the plot of sale, sometimes the formation of a patient, pain when driving.
  How to be? Make a child (naturally, indoors), on a sick plot, attach a cold compress for 15 minutes, then – a cruciform bandage from the bandage. To exclude a crack or fracture, it is necessary to visit the injury and the x-ray.
  
• Concussion of the brain.
  Determine the concussion is not so difficult, the main signs are the loss of consciousness, nausea, weakness, extended pupils, difficult orientation in space and concentration on something, the desire to sleep, the inhibition. Wait a few days (while «Pass») Not worth it! Immediately go to the doctor, even if the signs are not such and obvious – the brain concussion is not always accompanied by the loss of consciousness.
• Damage tooth.
  During the game or fall, the tooth can shift, break or fall out at all. But if you notice the knocked out tooth right away, then the offset is only a few days later, when there is an injection in the place of damage. If the root is damaged, the tooth can turn gray and fall. If the kid hurt the gums – attach ice to remove swelling. When they are bleeding – attach (and press between gums and lips) gauze moistened in cold water. If the tooth is permanent, the dentist should run as quickly as possible.
• Frostbite – damage to the body tissues under the influence of cold.
  Such injury has 4 degrees of gravity. The most frequent causes of frostbite – close shoes, weakness, hunger, extreme temperature, long immobility.
  

  Signs of the 1st degree: numbness, skin pallor, tingling. Fast assistance will help to avoid serious problems: to take a child home, disguise, warm fruitled areas by rubbing woolen fabric or massage with warm hands.
  Frostbite 2-4 degrees in a child – rare (in the presence of normal parents), but information about them and first aid will not be superfluous (as you know, anything happens).
  Signs of the 2nd degree: In addition to the previous symptoms, the formation of bubbles filled with liquid.
  At the 3rd: Bubbles with bleeding content, lost sensitivity on frostbed sites. At the 4th: A sharp formation of damaged areas, the development of edema during warming, the formation of bubbles in areas with a lower degree of frostbite. With the degree of frostbite from the 2nd to the 4th, you should deliver a child into a warm room, remove all the freezing clothes (or cut), it is difficult to categorically exclude rapid warming (this will aggravate the necrosis of the fabrics), impose a bandage (1st layer – gauze, 2- y – wool, 3rd march, then the oilcloth), then fix the affected limbs with the help of skimming and bandages, and wait for the doctor. While Dr. is going, you can give hot tea, vasodilator (for example, but-shts) and anesthetic (paracetamol). Frostbite 3-4 degrees – reason for immediate hospitalization.

• Supercooling.
  Supercooling – the overall condition of the body characterized by a decrease in body temperature and the oppression of the functions of the body from low temperature exposure. 1st degree: Temperature – 32-34 degrees, pallor and «Guiseness» Skin, Speech difficulty, chills. 2nd degree: Temperature – 29-32 degrees, deceleration of the pulse (50 UD / min), shinny shada of the skin, reduced pressure, rare breathing, sharp drowsiness. 3rd degree (the most dangerous): Temperature – less than 31 degrees, loss of consciousness, pulse – about 36 UD / min, rare breathing. Overcooling (not to be frozen!) Maybe from getting into cold water, from hunger, strong weakness, wet clothing, lightweight / close shoes and clothes. In a child, the supercooling comes more times faster than an adult. What to do? Quickly deliver the child home, disguise in dry, wrapped in a warm blanket. Also, as in the case of frostbite – no intense rubbing, warm soul, hot bath or heating! In order to avoid internal hemorrhages and violations of the heart. After loosing – to give hot drink, to examine the limbs and face for frostbite, evaluate the pulse and breathing, call the doctors. To reduce the risk of supercooling, dress the baby to the street multi-layer (not one thick sweater under the down jacket, and 2-3 thin), be sure to feed it in front of the street, follow the temperature of the ears and nose.
• Fractures.
  Unfortunately, not uncommon during winter games, unsuccessful riding from the slides and even just walks on slippery road. What to do: First of all, fix the limb in two joints – above and under the area of ​​damage, impose a cold compress, impose a harness – drag (tightly) limb with, for example, belt, hereinafter – the gulling bandage. Movement during the fracture is prohibited – the child should be attributed to the room and call an ambulance. If there is a suspicion of the injury of the cervical (either of the back) – you should fix the neck with a tight collar and put a child on a solid surface.
  
• Blow Sosulka.
  If the child is conscious – attributed home, put on the bed, treat the wound (be sure to impose a bandage), assess the nature of the injury and call a doctor (or take a doctor). If a child is unconscious, then he should not move it before the emergency arrival (if there is a spinal injury, the movement is fraught with serious consequences). The task of the parent is to follow the pulse and breathing, impose a bandage when bleeding, turn the head on the side, if there is vomiting.
• Priest language to swings.
  Each second child, according to statistics, at least once in life experimenting with metal licking in the frost (swing, railing, sled, etc.). Do not attend «tear out» Child from metal! Calm the child, fix it and sprinkle warm water into the tongue. By itself, you have to ask for help from those who are near – the child will not leave one, glued to the swings. Houses after successful «Overtowing» Treat the wound with hydrogen peroxide, press the sterile tampon during bleeding. If it lasts more than 20 minutes – go to the doctor.
  

In order not to provide the child to the first help, remember the basic rules of winter walks:

• Put your baby shoes with a relief sole or special linings «Antail».
• Do not drive a child for a walk sick, weakened and hungry.
• Do not walk in places of possible fall icicles.
• Avoid slippery parts.
• Learn the child to fall correctly – on the side, not putting forward the arms, grouping and bending legs.
• Provide a child with equipment when skating on a rink, from a slide, on the slopes.
• Do not allow kidding from a slide «in crowd» – Learn to observe the alternateness of skiing.
• Protect the skin with baby cream.
• And most importantly – do not leave the baby unattended!