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Genital herpes and its features

On 19.02.2017

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How transmitted and what can be dangerous genital herpes. What treatment and prevention of this disease are optimal

Genital herpes is a very common disease, which is a viral damage to the mucous membranes of the genital organs, in which groups of characteristic bubbles appear first, and then ulcers and erosion.

In the overwhelming majority of cases, this disease is transmitted through sexual contact.

It is inclined to the emergence of frequent recurrences and with an incorrect approach to the treatment or absence of therapy can provoke the emergence of very heavy complications: a decrease in total immunity, bacterial infection of the genital organs, the occurrence of malignant diseases of the fallopian cervix in women.

The most dangerous is the genital herpes during pregnancy, but only when there is a primary infection, since in such a situation there is always a considerable risk of miscarriage, as well as the emergence of various malformations and pathologies of the fetus.

Causes of occurrence

According to statistics, the highest percentage of infection with the virus is observed among young people aged about 20-30 years. It is possible to explain this in a fairly early start of sexual life, inadvertent in sexual relations, frequent shift of the partner, lack of barrier contraception during sex practices.

There is also a number of certain factors contributing to the development of the disease:

reduction of common or local immunity;
presence of sex infections;
prolonged wearing intrauterine spiral;
previously carried out artificial abortion;
availability of colds;
overheating or supercooling of the body;
frequent stress;
bad habits and t.D.

To some extent, the risk factor can be considered the sexual belonging of a person, as it is known that the genital herpes in women is observed much more often than in men.

The immunity of a person is designed so that when penetrating the infection infection instantly begin to produce special antibodies, therefore, with the adequate work of the immune system, there are no clinical manifestations of diseases.

But under the influence of one or more of the above factors, herpes virus begins to activate: characteristic rashes arise on the skin and mucous membranes, neuralgic pains are noted.

As already mentioned, the genital herpes has a sexual path, that is, infection occurs through the mucous membranes located on the genitals, in rectum, urethra.

Consider cases how the genital herpes is still transmitted:

airborne droplet;
From the mother to the child during childbirth, transplascentary or as a rising way, when the infection penetrates the uterine cavity from the outdoor genital organs;
A person can get infected independently, moved infection to the genitals, for example, from face;
Extremely rarely virus is transmitted by household.

Most often infection through sexual contact takes place when one of the partners (virus carrier) may not know their illness at all.

Forms of flow and symptoms of genital herpes

In its clinical flow, genital herpes is primary (the very first episode of the disease) and recurrent (subsequent episodes).

In the first case, the earliest symptoms of genital herpes in women are usually the following:

swelling and hyperemia of the genital organs;
burning, pain and visible redness of the mucous membranes;
temperature increase;
general malaise;
Characteristic herpetic rash similar to bubbles filled with transparent liquid;
After breaking bubbles, erosive ulcers are formed.

In women, pathology affects most often the zone of external genital organs, urethra, the crotch area and anal hole, the inner side of the hips.

The recurrent form develops more than half of people who have undergone primary infection. This type of disease can develop both in typical and atypical form, besides this, it is sometimes characterized by the asymptomatic flow.

Also, doctors distinguish several forms of recurrent herpes, depending on the frequency of exacerbations:

Easy shape (repeated episodes arise no more than three times a year);
The middle form (the number of exacerbations ranges from four to six per year);
Heavy shape (recurrence occur every month).

Many factors may cause recurrence, stress, overwork or sexual contact. Clinical manifestations of each subsequent episode of genital herpes can be weakly pronounced, but their consequences are usually very heavy.

As for the atypical form of the disease, it is characterized by several broken flow during chronic inflammation of the genitals.

This type of genital herpes manifests itself as follows:

There is a slightly pronounced swelling of the external genital organs;
There are sections of Erythema;
small bubbles;
constant itching and a feeling of burning
Abundant not passing Belie.

A long course of the disease is also characterized by an increase and soreness of lymphatic nodes.

Diagnosis and methods of treating genital herpes

When symptoms are detected, characteristic of genital herpes are necessary as soon as possible to visit the venereologist, who will appoint a number of diagnostic measures:

scraping vagina and uterine neck;
smear from the urethra;
analysis of the histological material of the uterine pipe;
Analysis of blood serum on antibodies (allows you to identify even asymptomatic type of disease).

Treatment of genital herpes is carried out, as a rule, with the use of antiviral drugs.

Most often doctors prescribe the following means:

acyclovir;
Valacyclovir;
Famciclovir;
Foulskart and others.

Anticherine preparations can be produced in the form of ointments, suspensions, tablets or solutions for intravenous administration. It is important to understand that the sooner start treating herpes, especially effective therapy.

Classic drugs against herpes can be used alternately, as well as in combination with interferon, whose deficit can be called one of the most common causes of recurrence of genital herpes. Quite often doctors recommend combining antiviral treatment with therapy aimed at strengthening the immune system. Among other things, with genital herpes, personal hygiene, healthy nutrition and failure of sex contacts has important importance throughout the course of treatment.

Prevention measures

The main prophylactic measure of primary infection with the genital herpes virus is the use of barrier contraception (condoms) with random sexual contacts. At the same time, as a method of transmitting genital herpes can perform existing microcracks on mucous membranes.

Experts recommend after sexual intercourse of skin areas that could get a virus, antiseptic tools, such as Mirismine.

To prevent recurrence of the disease, it is very important to exercise full care for your own health, and specifically to pay attention to the state of the immune system: